WHM/cPanel Firewall

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Had a weird issue where a certain address was unable to access the cpanel server, but it was intermittent with it working some times, but failing at other times.

Ended up being the firewall on the WHM server blocking that particular IP address due to failed log in attempts.

Check the status of LFD (Login Failure Daemon)

systemctl status lfd

How do I know which IP’s are being blocked?

Check the logs, dmesg or tail /var/log/messages

[1122639.674605] Firewall: UDP_IN Blocked IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=8e:23:f5:16:a6:b1:cc:51:54:6a:2e:ea:14:00 SRC=72.211.105.113 DST=192.168.1.12 LEN=64 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=246 ID=40014 PROTO=UDP SPT=9307 DPT=161 LEN=44
[1122646.728510] Firewall: TCP_IN Blocked IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=8e:23:f5:16:a6:b1:cc:51:54:6a:2e:ea:14:00 SRC=198.199.98.83 DST=192.168.1.12 LEN=40 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=244 ID=54321 PROTO=TCP SPT=57522 DPT=15672 WINDOW=65535 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0

CSF keeps a file with addresses to deny in “/etc/csf/csf.deny” Also nice that if gives you a little bit of info on why it was blocked.

# grep -r "192.168.1.21" /etc/csf/csf.deny
192.168.1.21 # lfd: (pop3d) Failed POP3 login from 192.168.1.21 (US/United States/-): 10 in the last 3600 secs - Tue Jun 20 11:36:15 2020

You can also dump all of the rule in iptables with

iptables --list | egrep "192.168.1.21"

Change 192.168.1.21 with the IP you are looking for

Whitelist IP Addresses

Open up /etc/csf/csf.allow with a text editor and add the IP to the bottom of the file.

or add the IP address to the end of the file with the following command. Replace 192.168.1.21 with the IP address you want to whitelist.

echo "192.168.1.21" >> /etc/csf/csf.allow

You can also do all of this from the WHM web interface “Plugins -> ConfigServer Security & Firewall”

Further reading

https://documentation.cpanel.net/display/CKB/How+to+Configure+Your+Firewall+for+cPanel+Services

Exim Bulk Remove Email Messages in Queue

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Exim command to remove emails from mail queue for a specific Sender/Receiver – The “exiqgrep” usage
exim -bp | grep "string" -A1 | awk {'print $3'}

Replace string with the email address, or domain you want to search for and delete.
Note that -A1 may not be needed. Grep will just search for string and 1 line after it. I had a problem with the string I was wanting to use was on the line below it

Changing Boot Animation over adb on Android Things

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You’ll need to install and setup adb and then run the following commands. Change ipaddress to the ip address of the device running Android Things

adb connect ipaddress
adb root
adb remount
adb push bootanimation.zip /system/media/
adb reboot

bootanimation.zip will either need to be in the same directory as adb, or you can specify the path. For example if it is located on your Desktop you can use

For Windows

adb push \Users\username\Desktop\bootanimation.zip /system/media/

on Linux or MacOS

adb push ~/Desktop/bootanimation.zip /system/media/

Exim View Email Message by ID

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View Email Header

You can view an email message in Exim with the following command and options.

exim -Mvh email-id

Example output

# exim -Mvh 1jTAsw-0101m5-TH
mailnull 47 12
<>
1591431138 0
-received_time_usec .007773
-ident mailnull
-received_protocol local
-body_linecount 109
-max_received_linelength 98
-allow_unqualified_recipient
-allow_unqualified_sender
-localerror
XX
1
larry@incredigeek.com
155P Received: from mailnull by cpanel.server.co with local (Exim 4.93)
id 1jTAsw-0101m5-TH
for larry@incredigeek.com; Sat, 06 Jun 2020 03:12:18 -0500
045 X-Failed-Recipients: bob@incredigeek.com
029 Auto-Submitted: auto-replied
068F From: Mail Delivery System Mailer-Daemon@cpanel.server.co
025T To: larry@incredigeek.com
064 References: 0.0.7.15D.1D63BD03648840.0@slot0.cn-sinosure.com
098 Content-Type: multipart/report; report-type=delivery-status; boundary=1121689138-eximdsn-67139566
018 MIME-Version: 1.0
059 Subject: Mail delivery failed: returning message to sender
057I Message-Id: E3ghaTA-001qN5-Hn@cpanel.host.com
038 Date: Sat, 06 Jun 2020 03:12:18 -0500

View Message Body

You can view the message body with the -b option

exim -Mvb email-id

Example

exim -Mvb email-id 1jTAsw-0101m5-TH
--1231463132-eximdsn-21535482
email message
--1231463132-eximdsn-21535482--

Installing Android Things on Raspberry Pi 3 B+

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https://developer.android.com/things/hardware/raspberrypi

Download the Console Tools from the following link. You will need to sign into your Google account.

https://partner.android.com/things/console/#/tools

Unzip the file and Launch the correct utility for your OS.

On Windows you will need to launch as administrator by right clicking on the Windows Application and Run as administrator.

Run as administrator

The program is easy to follow along with and automatically downloads and creates the SD card for the Pi.

After you are finished, put the card in the Pi and boot it up.

WHM/cPanel – Change Main Server IP

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Change IP Address from command line

Open up the following file, change eth0 to your primary ethernet adapter. More info here.

 vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

and under IPADDR set it to the new IP. Update netmask and gateway if needed.

Save file and restart network

systemctl restart network

Update License

You may need to run the following to update the license on the server.

/usr/local/cpanel/cpkeyclt

Change Server IP in WebHost Manager

Change IP for server in Basic WebHost Manager Setup

Other things to do

You may need to migrate IP’s to the new address.
If you are keeping the old address on the server, then you may need to readd it through the IP Functions.